Each defined term is a three-letter abbreviation, the first letter indicates the point of transition of obligations from the seller to the buyer:
E - at the place of departure (English departure),
F - at the departure terminals of the main transport, the main transportation is not paid (English main carriage unpaid),
C - at the terminals of the arrival of the main carriage, the main carriage paid,
D - the buyer, full delivery (English arrival).
11 terms are defined in Incoterms-2010, 7 of them are applicable to any type of transport of the main transportation.
EXW (ex works, ex-warehouse, ex works): the goods are taken by the buyer from the seller's warehouse indicated in the contract, payment of export duties is charged to the buyer.
FCA: the goods are delivered to the main carrier of the customer, to the terminal of departure indicated in the contract, export duties are paid by the seller.
CPT (English carriage paid to ...): the goods are delivered to the main carrier of the customer, the main transportation is paid by the seller prior to the arrival terminal specified in the contract, the buyer is borne by the insurance, imported customs clearance and the delivery from the terminal of the arrival of the main carrier is made by the buyer.
CIP (English carriage and insurance paid to ...): the same as CPT, but the main transportation is insured by the seller.
DAT (delivered at terminal): delivery to the import customs terminal specified in the contract is paid for, ie export payments and basic transportation, including insurance paid by the seller, customs clearance by import is carried out by the buyer.
DAP (English delivered at point): delivery at the locations indicated in the contract, import duties and local taxes are paid by the buyer.
DDP (English: delivered duty paid): the goods are delivered to the customer at the destination specified in the contract, cleared of all duties and risks.
Also in the Incters-2010, 4 terms are defined that apply exclusively to maritime transport and the transport of territorial waters:
FOB (free on board): the goods are shipped to the buyer's ship, the seller pays the transfer.
FAS (free alongside ship): the goods are delivered to the buyer's vessel, the contract specifies the port of loading, transshipment and loading is paid by the buyer.
CFR (cost and freight): the goods are delivered to the buyer's specified port of destination, the main transportation insurance, unloading and transshipment is paid by the buyer.
CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight: the same as CFR, but the main transportation is insured by the seller.
The content of Incoterms varies in different revisions, for example, in Incoterms 2010 compared to Incoterms 2000, the term DAP is introduced instead of the excluded DAF (delivered at frontier, delivery to the border), DES (delivered ex ship, delivery on board the ship at the port of destination) and DDU (delivered, duty unpaid, delivery to the specified place without customs clearance), and instead of DEQ (English delivered ex quey, delivery to the port) a more general term DAT is introduced.
E - at the place of departure (English departure),
F - at the departure terminals of the main transport, the main transportation is not paid (English main carriage unpaid),
C - at the terminals of the arrival of the main carriage, the main carriage paid,
D - the buyer, full delivery (English arrival).
11 terms are defined in Incoterms-2010, 7 of them are applicable to any type of transport of the main transportation.
EXW (ex works, ex-warehouse, ex works): the goods are taken by the buyer from the seller's warehouse indicated in the contract, payment of export duties is charged to the buyer.
FCA: the goods are delivered to the main carrier of the customer, to the terminal of departure indicated in the contract, export duties are paid by the seller.
CPT (English carriage paid to ...): the goods are delivered to the main carrier of the customer, the main transportation is paid by the seller prior to the arrival terminal specified in the contract, the buyer is borne by the insurance, imported customs clearance and the delivery from the terminal of the arrival of the main carrier is made by the buyer.
CIP (English carriage and insurance paid to ...): the same as CPT, but the main transportation is insured by the seller.
DAT (delivered at terminal): delivery to the import customs terminal specified in the contract is paid for, ie export payments and basic transportation, including insurance paid by the seller, customs clearance by import is carried out by the buyer.
DAP (English delivered at point): delivery at the locations indicated in the contract, import duties and local taxes are paid by the buyer.
DDP (English: delivered duty paid): the goods are delivered to the customer at the destination specified in the contract, cleared of all duties and risks.
Also in the Incters-2010, 4 terms are defined that apply exclusively to maritime transport and the transport of territorial waters:
FOB (free on board): the goods are shipped to the buyer's ship, the seller pays the transfer.
FAS (free alongside ship): the goods are delivered to the buyer's vessel, the contract specifies the port of loading, transshipment and loading is paid by the buyer.
CFR (cost and freight): the goods are delivered to the buyer's specified port of destination, the main transportation insurance, unloading and transshipment is paid by the buyer.
CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight: the same as CFR, but the main transportation is insured by the seller.
The content of Incoterms varies in different revisions, for example, in Incoterms 2010 compared to Incoterms 2000, the term DAP is introduced instead of the excluded DAF (delivered at frontier, delivery to the border), DES (delivered ex ship, delivery on board the ship at the port of destination) and DDU (delivered, duty unpaid, delivery to the specified place without customs clearance), and instead of DEQ (English delivered ex quey, delivery to the port) a more general term DAT is introduced.
